Saxon Wars (1 Jan 772 Jahr – 1 Jan 804 Jahr)

Beschreibung:

The Saxon Wars (not to be confused with the Saxon Rebellion of 1073–75), were the campaigns and insurrections of the thirty-three years from 772, when Charlemagne first entered Saxony with the intent to conquer, to 804, when the last rebellion of disaffected tribesmen was crushed. In all, 18 campaigns were fought, primarily in what is now northern Germany. They resulted in the incorporation of Saxony into the Frankish realm and their forcible conversion from Germanic paganism to Catholicism.

The Saxons were divided into four subgroups in four regions. Nearest to the ancient Frankish kingdom of Austrasia was Westphalia, and farthest was Eastphalia. In between the two kingdoms was that of Engria (or Engern), and north of the three, at the base of the Jutland peninsula, was Nordalbingia. Despite repeated setbacks, the Saxons resisted steadfastly, returning to raid Charlemagne's domains as soon as he turned his attention elsewhere. Their main leader, Widukind, was a resilient but unresourceful opponent and accepted a peace offering from Charlemagne in a perilous situation, losing face and not preventing Charlemagne from continuing a baptizing war. The agreement failed to save the Saxon tribes' exceptional rights in their homeland. Widukind was baptized in 785 and buried later in the only Germanic church without any honors.

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