Council of the Four Lands (1 Jan 1580 Jahr – 1 Jan 1764 Jahr)

Beschreibung:

The Council of the Four Lands and Council of the Land of Lithuania were established in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as representative bodies of the Jewish people. The Councils had the authority to collect their own taxes, run their own courts of law according to Jewish law, enforce their legal rulings, and pass legislation affecting the Jewish community. The laws of the Councils reflected both traditional halacha and the economic and social needs of the Jewish community.

Each local Jewish community had significant autonomy at this time as well, with the Councils acting as supreme courts and superior legislative bodies.

The Councils also advocated on behalf of the Jewish population to the Christian government of Poland-Lithuania, and enforced legislation of the non-Jewish government that affected Jews.

As the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth attempted to centralize in the face of threats from neighboring states, the Councils were abolished and the state began taxing the Jewish population directly.

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