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HITLER'S RISE TO POWER
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Wurde aktualisiert 12 Mai 2018
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Stef Papadokonstantaki
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Classical Music Timeline - Stef
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Stef Papadokonstantaki
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W A L L S T R E E T C R A S H - O C T O B E R 1 9 2 9 US called in all foreign loans. Germany could not repay the reparation of £6.6 billion they asked the US for help so the WSC was disastrous for their economy.
U N E M P L O Y M E N T R I S E - Over the winter of 1929-30 the number of unemployed rose from 1.4 million to over 2 million. By the time Hitler became Chancellor in January 1933 one in three Germans were unemployed, with the figure hitting 6.1 million. As a result, people lost any remaining faith they had in the Weimar Republic and turned to extreme parties such as the communists and the Nazis.
H E I N R I C H B R U N I N G B E C O M E S C H A N C E L L O R - In July 1930 Chancellor Brüning cut government expenditure, wages and unemployment pay. Brüning could not get the Reichstag to agree to his actions, so President Hindenburg used Article 48, which gave the President the power to pass laws by decree, to govern. This undermined democracy and weakened the power of the Reichstag – arguably opening the way for Hitler’s later dictatorship.
R I S E O F E X T R E M I S M- Between 1930 and 1933 support for the extreme right wing Nazis and the extreme left wing communists soared. By 1932 parties committed to the destruction of the Weimar Republic held 319 seats out of a total of 608 in the Reichstag.
H I T L E R B E C O M E S C H A N C E L L O R I N - J A N U A R Y Hindenburg appointed Hitleras Chancellor with Von Papen as Vice Chancellor. They believed they could control Hitler and get him to do what they wanted.
. R E I C H S T A G F I R E - F E B R U A R Y Reichstag set on fire. A Dutch communist was caught red- handed in the burning building. Hitler used the fire to persuade Hindenburg to pass an emergency law restricting personal liberty. This enabled him to imprison many communist leaders, which stopped them campaigning during the election. And allowed for the 'scapegoating' of the communists.
R E I C H S T A G E L E C T I O N - 5 M A R C H 44 per cent of the population voted for the Nazis, who won 288 seats in the Reichstag – still not an overall majority. Hitler had to join with the nationalists to form a majority.
. E N A B L I N G A C T - 2 3 M A R CH With the communist deputies banned and the SA intimidating all the remaining non-Nazi deputies, the Reichstag voted by the required 2/3 majority to give Hitler the right to make laws without the Reichstag’s approval for four years. It gave Hitler absolute power to make laws, which enabled him to destroy all opposition to his rule. This removed the Reichstag as a source of opposition.
P O L I T I C A L P A R T I E S B A N N E D O N 14 J U L Y - Only the Nazi party was allowed to exist. Banning political parties made Germany a one-party state and destroyed democracy in the country. This removed other parties as a source of opposition.
T R A D E U N I O N S B A N N E D - 2 M A Y Trade unions are abolished and their leaders arrested.
N I G H T O F T H E L O N G K N I V E S - 30 J U N E Members of the SA, including its leader Ernst Röhm, demanded that the Nazis carry out its socialist agenda and that the SA take over the army. Hitler could not afford to annoy businessmen or the army, so the SS murdered 400 members of SA, including Röhm, along with some other opponents like the previous Chancellor, von Schleicher.
H I T L E R B E C O M E S F Ü H R E R - 1 9 A U G U S T After Hindenburg's death on 2 Aug, Hitler declared himself jointly president, chancellor and head of the army. Members of the armed forces had to swear a personal oath of allegiance not to Germany, but to Hitler.
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