George Washington Presidency
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Wurde aktualisiert: 11 Okt 2022
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Created byMALCOLM MITCHELL
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Constitution finalized at Constitutional Convention (“Constitution Day”).Constitution ratified when New Hampshire became 9th state to ratify.George Washington wins the 1788-1789 election.Electors cast ballots in Electoral College, New York City; Washington elected.First Congress convenes in New York City.First Inaugural Address.Message Replying to House of Representatives .Message Replying to the Senate.Signed 1st Act of Congress; procedures for administering oaths of office.Message to Senate Regarding Convention with France of 1788.Signs Tariff Act of 1789, first substantive legislation protecting trade and raising revenues.Signed Act establishing the Department of Foreign Affairs.Lighthouse Act signed. Financial responsibility for lighthouses transferred to federal government from states provided related lands and tenements are ceded to the United States.Signed Act to provide for the safe keeping of the Acts, Records and Seal of the United States, and for other purposes; changing name of Department of Foreign Affairs to Department of State.Signed Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States; setting the size of the Supreme Court at six, and creating 13 judicial districts, and dividing most of the districts into three circuits and specifying that Supreme Court justices serve as Circuit Judges.Nominated John Jay as the 1st Chief Justice of Supreme Court; Jay unanimously confirmed 09/26/1789.Congress adopts 12 Constitutional Amendments (including the Bill of Rights) which are sent to the states for ratification by Washington on 10/02/1789.Nominates Thomas Jefferson as 1st Secretary of State.Proclamation- Day of National Thanksgiving.North Carolina joins the Union as the 12th State.[1]First Annual State of the Union Address to Congress.Hamilton’s First Report on Public Credit submitted to Congress.In New York City, the Supreme Court of the United States convenes for the first time.North Carolina cedes its western territories (modern day Tennessee) to the federal government.The first United States Census is authorized; it is held later in the year.[12]Jefferson begins service as Secretary of State.Signed “An act to establish an uniform rule of Naturalization” outlining steps for “a free white person” to become a citizen.Signed first patent act.Congress passes an act to govern the creation of states from the "Southwest Territory", from which Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi will be formed.[12]Rhode Island joins the Union as the 13th State.[1]Signed copyright law.Compromise of 1790: Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton come to an agreement: Madison agrees to not be "strenuous" in opposition for the assumption of state debts by the federal government; Hamilton agrees to support the capital site being above the Potomac.The U.S. House of Representatives votes, 32–29 to approve creating the District of Columbia from portions of Maryland and Virginia for the eventual seat of government and national capital.U.S. President George Washington signs the Residence Act into law, establishing a site along the Potomac River as the District of Columbia and the future site of the capital of the United States. The move comes after the bill is narrowly approved on July 1 by the Senate, 14 to 12, and on July 9 by the House, 32 to 29.[14] At the same time, plans are made to move the national capital from New York to Philadelphia until the Potomac River site can be completed.Alexander Hamilton's Assumption Bill, giving effect to his First Report on the Public Credit, is passed in the United States Congress, allowing the federal government to assume the consolidated debts of the U.S. states.A newly passed U.S. tariff act creates the system of cutters for revenue enforcement (later named the United States Revenue Cutter Service), the forerunner of the Coast Guard.“An Act making provision for the [payment of the] Debt of the United States.” Outstanding Revolutionary War debt of the states is assumed by the United States.Proclamation—Publishing a treaty of Peace and Friendship Between the United States and the Creek Nations of the Indians.Proclamation—Warning Against Violation of Treatises Between the United States and the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Chickasaw Indians.The Harmar Campaign ends in a defeat of U.S. Army General Josiah Harmar and Colonel John Hardin by the Western Confederacy of Indians, led by Chief Mihšihkinaahkwa of the Miami tribe and Weyapiersenwah of the Shawnee at Kekionga (now Fort Wayne, Indiana).[12]Capital moves from New York to Philadelphia.Second Annual Address to Congress.Hamilton proposal to Congress for a national bank, Second Report on Public Credit.Big Bottom massacre in the Ohio Country, marking the beginning of the Northwest Indian War.Proclamation 1 –Defining the Boundaries of the District of Columbia.The Bank of the United States, based in Philadelphia, is incorporated by the federal government with a 20-year charter and started with $10,000,000 capital.[12]The United States opens diplomatic relations with Portugal.First revenue law, creating fourteen revenue districts and placing a tax on all distilled spirits.Vermont joins the Union as the 14th State.[1]Proclamation 2—Respecting the Acts of James O’Fallon in Kentucky O’Fallon was “levying an armed force” which “disturbs the public peace.”Proclamation- Ordering the Completion of a Survey to Establish the boundaries of the permanent seat of government.The capital of the United States, Washington, D.C., is named after the incumbent 1st President George Washington.Third Annual State of the Union Address.St. Clair's Defeat, the worst loss suffered by the United States Army in fighting against American Indians, takes place in what is now Mercer County, Ohio. Miami fighters led by Chief Mihsihkinaahkwa (Little Turtle) and by Shawnee warriors commanded by War Chief Weyapiersenwah (Blue Jacket) rout the forces of General Arthur St. Clair and kill 630 U.S. soldiers, along with hundreds of civilians.[15]Bill of Rights declared ratified.Thomas Pinckney appointed first United States Minister to England.The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by President George Washington.[12]Signed Presidential Succession Act; outlines process for selection and voting of electors; providing for case in which neither President nor Vice-President can serve.United States President George Washington vetoes a bill designed to apportion representatives among U.S. states. This is the first time the presidential veto is used in the United States.Vetoes Act of Apportionment of Representatives on grounds that it contradicts the language of the Constitution.Kentucky joins the Union as the 15th State.[1]Proclamation 3b-Cessation of violence and obstruction of Justice in Protest of Liquor Laws.The cornerstone for the President's mansion is laid in Washington D.C.The second United States presidential election is held. Incumbent President George Washington receives all 132 electoral votes for president, and incumbent Vice-President John Adams is re-elected with 77 of 132 votes, with George Clinton receiving 50.[12]Fourth Annual State of the Union Address.Electors cast ballots; Washington reelected unanimously.Proclamation 3A---Offering Reward for the Capture of Participants in the Burning of a Georgia Cherokee Indian Town.Signs Fugitive Slave Act.A joint session of congress counted the Electoral College votes and elected George Washington to a second term, once again with a unanimous victory.[1George Washington 1792 United States presidential electionInaugural Address.George Washington signs the Neutrality Proclamation.[17]President Washington receives France's envoy to the United States, Edmond Charles Genet, who unsuccessfully sought US help in European war and subsequently provoked controversy and scandal.Signed Jay’s treaty, John Jay concludes a “Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation” with Britain, known today simply as the Jay Treaty.Summoned Randolph for explanation of French dispatch.Laid southeast cornerstone of Capitol Building in federal district.US relations with Britain worsen after Britain orders confiscation of ships trading with the French in the Caribbean.Fifth Annual State of the Union Address.Jefferson resigned as Secretary of State.The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States flag of 15 stars and 15 stripes, in recognition of the recent admission of Vermont and Kentucky as the 14th and 15th states.[18] A subsequent act restores the number of stripes to 13, but provides for additional stars upon the admission of each additional state.The first session of the United States Senate is open to the public.The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution is passed by Congress for submission to the states for ratification.[19]Act to Provide Naval Armament (response to British seizing of US ships).Signs An Act to provide for the Defense of certain Ports and Harbors in the United States (in response to British naval activity).Signs An Act to prohibit the carrying on the Slave Trade from the United States to any foreign place or country.Proclamation 5- Respecting Enlisting Men in Kentucky to Invade a Neighboring Nation. Warns against raising forces for the purpose of invading territories of a nation at peace with the United States.The U.S. lays a 60-day embargo on all shipping to and from Great Britain.[19]The United States Government authorizes the building of the first six United States Navy vessels (in 1797 the first three frigates, United States, Constellation (1797) and Constitution go into service), not to be confused with October 13, 1775, which is observed as the Navy's Birthday.The U.S. Senate passes a rule ending its policy of closing all of its sessions to the public.[19]Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, John Jay, is sent as Special Envoy to attempt to quell the tensions between U.S. and Britain.Opponents to Whiskey Tax begin to organize in Mingo Creek, PA (Whiskey rebellion).Proclamation—Cessation of Violence and Obstruction of Justice in protest to liquor laws in Pennsylvania.Battle of Fallen Timbers, Final Battle of Northwest Indian War between the United States troops, led by General Anthony Wayne, and the Nortwest Indian Confederation.Proclamation—Authorizing Military Intervention to end violence and Obstruction of Justice in Protest of Liquor Laws in Pennsylvania.In the first and only instance of an incumbent United States president leading men into battle, George Washington arrives at Carlisle, Pennsylvania to guide the U.S. Army's suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion.[20] The rebels soon disperse and the insurrection collapses by the end of the month.The United States and Great Britain conclude the Jay Treaty, the basis for ten years of peaceful trade between the two nations.[19]Sixth Annual State of the Union Address.An Act authorizing President to call out and station a corps of Militia in the four Western Counties of Pennsylvania.Hamilton submits resignation as Secretary of Treasury.The Great New Orleans Fire (1794) burns over 200 buildings in the French Quarter.An Act to establish a uniform rule of Naturalization (repealing act of 1790).Hamilton resignation as Secretary of the Treasury becomes effective.The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution is passed.Jay Treaty submitted to Senate (see 11/19/1794).Jay Treaty ratified by Senate.Proclamation—granting pardon to certain persons formerly engaged in violence and obstruction of Justice in Protest of Liquor laws in Pennsylvania (Whiskey Rebellion).Treaty of Greenville, defining land open to settlement as result of Battle of Fallen Timbers 1794.President Washington signs the Jay Treaty with Britain on behalf of the United States.[21]Washington signs Jay Treaty.The United States signs a treaty with the Dey of Algiers, ruled by Baba Hassan, pledging the payment of $23,000 a year tribute to prevent piracy against American ships.[21]The United States signs a treaty with Spain, opening commerce along the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico, and establishing boundaries between U.S. territory and Spanish Florida.[21]The United States and Spain sign the Treaty of Madrid, which establishes the boundaries between Spanish colonies and the U.S.Treaty of San Lorenzo, The United States Treaty with Spain, granting Americans the right to ship goods through the port of New Orleans without having to pay duties to the Spanish Government.Seventh Annual State of the Union Address.Ratifications of the Jay Treaty between Great Britain and the United States are officially exchanged, bringing it into effect.[22]The U.S. House of Representatives demands that the U.S. State Department supply it with documents relating to the negotiation of the Jay Treaty; President Washington declines the request, citing that only the U.S. Senate has jurisdiction over treaties.[22]Special Message to the House regarding The Jay Treaty; Washington refuses to provided papers requested.Tennessee joins the Union as the 16th State.[1]The United States takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain, under the terms of the Jay Treaty.Washington Farewell Address.George Washington's Farewell Address was first published in Philadelphia's American Daily Advertiser.[23]Treaty with Tripoli, US agrees to pay a yearly tribute to Pasha Tripoli in exchange for the peaceful treatment of US shipping in the Mediterranean.Eighth Annual State of the Union Address.Electors Cast Ballots; John Adams elected President.Vetoes Bill to reduce Cavalry contingent of army.John Adams inaugurated.Perioden
1788–1789 United States presidential election1792 United States presidential election
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