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German engineer Konrad Zuse developed a computer, the Z3, to design airplanes and missiles
British completed a secret code-breaking computer called Colossus to decode German messages.
Howard H. Aiken produced an all-electronic calculator. It was about half as long as a football field and contained 500 miles of wiring
John Von Neumann designed the Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC) with a memory to hold both a stored program as well as data. Also contained a central processing unit.
UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer 1) became one of the first commercially available computers.
The transistor replaced the large, cumbersome vacuum tube in computers. This resulted in second generation computers that were smaller, faster, more reliable and more energy-efficient.
Number of commercially successful second generation computers used in business, universities and government. They contained all the components we associate with modern day computers: printers, tape storage, disk storage, memory, operating systems, and stored programs.