Stuart Britain and the Crisis of Monarchy, 1603–1702
Category: Andere
Wurde aktualisiert: 6 Mai 2019
Autoren
Created byDaniel Wilson
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Ereignisse
1598
James wrote The Trew Law of Free Monarchies1599
James wrote the Basilikon Doran1603
James becomes king of England1603
Millenary Petition -
signed by 1,000 ministers to get religious reform1604
Treaty of London
End of the war with Spain
Grants English merchants rights to Spanish markets1604
Hampton Court Conference
discusses religious issues1605
Gun Powder Plot
James receives £400,000 from parliament1606
Oath of allegiance
Catholic's swear oath to the king1606
Parliament granted James 2 subsides1610
The Great Contract
King gives up purveyances + Wardships for £200,00
but parliament rejected it1611
King James Bible publishedThe kings plan to unite England + scotland fails1614
Cockayne scheme
reorganise cloth trade + stop building in London
Failed due to the traders refusing + cost a lot of money1618
George Villers promoted to Duke of Buckingham
Given £30,000 worth of gift by king1618
Book of Sports introduced
Encouraged activities on Sundays
Puritans disliked it1618
The Thirty years war began -- James didn't get involved
But he sent 2,500 troops to the Palatinate but told them not to fight1625
Charles is only granted one years tonnage and poundage by parliament1628
Petition of rights
1)No tax without parliament
2)No imprisonment without cause
3)No Billeting of the troops
4)No martial law1628
Buckingham assassinated
Charles becomes closer to Henrieta Marria1633
William Laud made arch Bishop of Canterbury1616
Overbury Scandal
Court favourite Robert Carr
was charged + imprisoned1626
York House Conference
Buckingham inclined towards Arminianism1623
Buckingham + Charles go to Madrid
try and get a match but fails
Unpopular in Parliament +
makes Charles want war with Spain1621
James spends £3,300 on ante supers1626
Charles forces loans
67 people refuse to pay
He only gets £267,000 out of the 1 million he needs for war with Spain1611
James makes £90,000 selling titles
Baronet = 1095 (1622 = 220)
1615 = 27 earls + 1628 = 651621
100 monopolies in existence1624
Parliament limit the number of monopolies there can be1624
Subsidy act
Parliament give £300,000 to be spent on a naval war1629
king dismisses parliament and begins 11 year of personal rule1627
5 knights trial
Proves the king has the right to force loans1604
The form of Apology and Satisfaction
protested against James' recent handling of political issues1608
Book of Bounty
Survey of all Crown lands
To Revise rates1604
Custom farming began
Getting £112,4001625
Charles becomes king1625
Charles declares war on Spain1606 Act of better discovering + repressing popish
recusancy fine = £601629
Parliament introduce the death penalty for anyone found trying to change the religion1629
The speaker of the commons was held down in his chair
so the three resolutions could be read out
about Arminianism + collection tonnage and poundage1627
Sibthorpe wrote + preached a sermon supporting
forced loans and charles wanted them published
but abbot said no. Sibthorpe was sent to the tower1628
Laud made bishop of London1626
Calvinism was banned1606 bates case - impositions case
Bates refused to pay an import tax on currents
but it was found that the king because he was
regulating foreign trade1620
James has £900,000 worth of debt1625
Soon after James dies charles marries Henertia marria1626
Buckingham was going to be impeached by parliament
But charles dissovled parliament before they could1627
Charles declares war on France
To help the Huguenots
Buckingham leaders weren't long enough
the two year war left england defeated1621
Cranfield master of wards
saves James £20,0001625
Buckingham lands in Spain with an army but gets drunk and many die in the evacuation
4000 out of 6000 die1625
Granted 2 tax subsides from parliament
£140,0001624
Montagu wrote “A New Gag for an Old Goose" a pro-catholic pamphlet
then he wrote “Appello Caesarem”
Abbot told him to rewrite the book1626
Charles made Coke + Wentworth sheriffs
so they couldnt stand as MPs1628
Montaque was made the bishop of Chichester1613
Elizabeth Marries Frederick V of Palatinate1619
Buckingham becomes Lord High Admiral1629
Treaty of Susa
Ends war with France1630
Treaty of Madrid
ends the war with Spain1604
Buckinghamshire elections (Godwin Vs Forscute)
Parliament + James both want different MPs
Compromise neither of them stand = new MP1604
Shirley's Case
Guilty of debt = Imprisoned
MP argue breach of right + Imprison the jailer1606
Act of Union put forward by the King1621 Parliament
Discusses foreign policy
in order to scare Spain = criticises Spanish match
James dissolves parliament1625 Parliament
Needs 1 million for war - only get £140K
Only granted 1 years poundage + tonnage1626
Laud opens parliament1628
Parliament offer Charles 5 subsides for the Pettion of Rights1628 June
The King accepts the Pettition of RIghts1608
The new book of rates
Import tax on goods entering the country1604
Bancroft Cannons
Increase recusancy fines
prevents puritan oppostion1611
Archbishop Abbott (Calvinist) appointed over
an Arminian candidate1624
French Match with Henrietta Maria
Dowry = 240,000 but
Catholics granted toleration1607
Custom Farmers
Earned the crown
£120,0001614
Custom Farmers
Rates increased to £140,0001628
Suffolk £77 collect from 37 people
(In 1557 £521 collected from 66)1633
Laud abolishes feoffees for impropriations1633
Book of Sports re-issued1633
St Gregory's Case
Communion table rail of at the east end
Legally settled that it was bishops choice1636
The Imposition of Scottish Cannons
- the laws Threaten Excommunication1637 - July
Introduction of Laudian Prayer book
Riots in St Giles Cathedral1637
The trial of Pyrnne, Bastwick + Burton
Star Chamber - Pillared + tortured1638
Treason to protest against the New Prayer Book1635
Archbishop Spottiswood made chancellor of Scotland
- Shows Importance of Bishops1633
Charles gets coronated in Edinburgh
- not the traditional place
- 8 years too late1637
Scotland forms the Table - an emergency government1638
The Scottish National Covenant
Feb - suspend the Prayer Book
Nov - Ban Prayer Book + Cannons
+ Abolishes Bishops16439- March
General Lesile sieses Edinburgh castle
England invades + 1st Bishops War begins1633
Strafford - Wentworth becomes Lord Deputy of Ireland
- Start to implement thorough government1639
Black oath for Ulstermen
Swear not to join convent against charles1635
Wentworth had defeated his opposition
By dividing and ruling over old + new English1635
Distraint of Knighthoods
Raised £165,000 - largest source of extraordinary income1641
Court of Wards + Liveries
Raised £75,0881634
Ship Money is re introduced into costal areasShip Money is extended in inland areas
- 97% of people pay1639
Ship Money is only paid by 20%1637
Hampden's Case (MP)
Court decides that the king can do it
Rules 7 to 5
1638 - 61% didn't pay1639
The king imprisons Lord Seye + Sale + Lord Brooke
For refusing to take a military oath1637
Charles manages to balance the books
- No bugdet deficit1639
Commission for defective titles
Investigate people who didn't pay + fined them1634
Forest Fines
Special inquiry set up1625
Act of Revocation
Charles takes back church property in Scotland1618
5 Articles of Perth accepted by the general assembly
Attempt to move scottish relgion closer to england1630
Distraint of Knighthoods
Fine landowners of £40 or more for not having a title1634
Monoploys were beging reintroduced1639 - May
King offers to settle grievances if they don't invade
But the Scottish move forward1639 - June
English Army collapses after the cavalry retreat1639- June 19
Pacification of Berwick
- King ratifies Scottish Assembly
- Both armies were to disband
- Both the king + the Scots hated the treaty1640
King got £360,000 from coropations to fight scotland1640 - 28 August
Battle of Newburn (ford)
English Defeat1640 - August
2nd Bishops War begins1640 - October 26
Treaty of Ripon ends the 2nd Bishops War
- Scotland occupies Northumberland + Durham
- King has to pay £850 per day + reimburse the scots1640 - Nov
The Long Parliament meet1641 - Feb
Triennial + Non Dissolution Act1641 - April
Bill of Attainder passed + later given royal assent
Result of the failed impeachment of Strafford1641 - May
Strafford is excuted after the king sign the bill1641 - June
10 Propositions = Attacked Catholics + Maria
- passed by Commons
- failed in the Lords + rejected by Charles1641 - Nov
Grand Remonstrance
- List of all grievances
- Passed narrowly + rejected by the lords + king1640 - Dec
Root + Branch Petition
Londoner's want to abolish Bishops
15,000 signatures1642 - Jan
The attempt on the 5 members
-Kings entres parliament with 300 soldiers
-Demanding the arrest of Hampden, Pym, Strode, Halesridge + Holles1642 - June
19 Propositions
- Privy council, Judges + Militia controlled by Parliament
- King Rejects it = undermines law + constitution1642 - March
Militia Ordinance
- Parliament sends Lord Lieutenants
- King sends Commissioner of Array
= Parliament 23 + king 11 counties1641 - May
Army Plot
- Royalist attempt to free Strafford from the tower
+ Dissolve parliament
= Proves popish plot = lords pass bill of Attainder1641 - March
Charles' evil councillors imprisoned
Laud + Strafford1641
Parliament remove the tools of personal rule
- Ship Money, Distraints of knighthood + Forrest laws
= illegal
-Star-chamber + High Commission abolished1642 - Oct
Bishops are excluded from the House of Lords1641 - Oct
'The Incident'
- Plot uncovered that Charles + Montrose
- kill Scottish conventer nobles
- Charles gave in = Bishops abolished in Scotland1642 - Oct
The rebellion begins in Ireland
- Protestants were massacred
- Really 12,000 but claimed 200,000
- English administration attack Catholics in retaliation
- Parliament granted money for king to send army1641 - Dec
Militia Bill
- Army paid for by taking Irish land
- Essex in control of army1642 - August 22
The king unfurles his standard = war has now begun1640 - Dec
Laud Impeached1640 - Nov
Strafford impeachment begins + fails = Bill of Attainder1640 - May
Protestation Oath
- All MP's had to take it
- Defend Protestantism, king + Parliament1642 - July
Parliament raise an army of 10,000 under Essex1643 - Sept
King signs the Cession Treaty
Ends the war in Ireland
= return royal troops to England1645 - Sept
Montrose is defeated by Convenant the battle of Philiphaugh
- Allows Scottish to help parliament in England1642 - Oct 23
Battle of Edgehill = Draw
Showed strength of Prince Ruperts Cavalry1643 - June 30
Battle of Adwalton Moor = Royal
- Parliament attacked by royalist near Bradford
- Forces spilt had to retreat1643 - July 13
Battle of Roundaway Down = Royal
- Parliament pushes back not pursue
- Royalist get back up + surround Parliamentarians
- Parliament fled1643 - Sept 20
1st Battle of Newbury = Draw
- Prince Rupert small stalling attack
- King takes up a defensive position
- Parliament artillery on a hill
- Parliament pushed back but royalist losses1644 - July 2
Battle of Marston Moor = Parliament
- parliament outnumber + outmanoeuvred
- Cromwell attacks in evening - caught off guard
- Defeat Rupert cavalry = optimism win battle1644 - Oct 27
2nd Battle of Newbury = Parliament
- Parliament surrounded the royals + attacked1645 - June 14
Battle of Naseby = Parliament
- Parliament out marches the royalist
- New Model Army wins the battle1643 - Aug
Impressment = Conscription
Introduced by Parliament + then the king1642 - Nov
Committee for the advance of Money
- Raised loans + assessed those who didn't pay1643 - March
Sequestration taxes
- took royalist + catholic land for profit1643 - July
Excise Tax
- tax on home produced cider + beer1645 - Aug
Committee for Compounding
- Returned Sequestred lands for money
= 1.8 million in 4 years1643 - Jan
Oxford Treaty
- 19 Proposition not as harsh
- But very anti-catholic
= King rejects it as he thinks he can win1642 - July
Committee for Public Safety1644 - Feb
Committee of Both Kingdoms
- Replaces Committee of Safety
- Manage Solemn League + created NMA1643 - Sept
The Solemn League + Convenat
- The alliance between Parliament + Scotland1643 - Nov
London trained Bands push out the royalist
- London militia defend the capital
= Turning point1644 - Jan
Irish Troop land in england +
get killed in Natwich1642 - April
Scottish Army lands in Ireland1643 - Aug
Parliament legislates for iconoclasm of
all Monuments of Superstition or Idolatry1642 - Nov 16m
Battle of Turnham Green = Parliament
- Essex hold Charles back from entering London1643 - Feb
Parliament begin weekly tax assessments
- impliments a new land tax1645 - Feb
The New Model Ordinance is passed
New Model Army is created1647 - Feb
Parliament vote to dismantle the NMA
=
parliament didn't pay arrears
or give indemnity1647 - April
The Army elect Agitators
Dominated by the radical Levellers1646 - June
The Newcastle Propostions
- Parliament treaty with the king
- King delays a response
- Presbyterian church + more power for parliament1646 - Feb
Scots hand over the king to parliament1647 - Aug
Heads of Proposal
- Army's attempt to negotiate with the king
- more lenient than Newcastle (parl.)
- King rejected them1647 - Oct
Putney Debates
- Army general met with the Levellers
- Discuss the Agreement of the People1647 - Nov
The King escape Hampton Court
+ Flees to the Isle of Wight1647 - Dec
The King signs the Engagement with the Scots
= Presbyterian church in England
in return for military help against parliament1648 - March
The Scottish parliament vote for the engagement1648 - Parliament offer to re-open negotiations
But the Scots decline - prepare for war1647 - Aug
The Army occupy London + capture the king1647 - Dec
Parliament proposes the Four Bills
- The last attempt to negotiate with the king
- King rejects them1648 - Jan
Vote of No Adress
- last of all grievances against the king
- no more negotiations
= parliament to rule alone1648 - Aug
Battle of Preston
NMA defeats the Engager Army1648 - July
Engager Army invade England1648 - Aug
Vote of no adress repealed
- parliament enter negoations with the king1648 - Sept
The Treaty of Stirling
Whiggamores occupy Edinburgh1648 - Nov
Treaty of Newport Negotiations
- King is stubborn
- Parliament extend the deadline
- The Army becomes disgruntled1648 - Nov
The Army Remonstrance
- put the king on trial
- dissolve parliament
- reform governance1648 - Dec
Parliament refuses to debate the remonstrance
= The army occupies London1648 - Dec
Prides Purge
- 180 were prevented from sitting
= Rump parliament cleared way for trial1643 - Aug
Solemn League and Covenant sign
Alliance between the Scots + Parliament1646 - Oct
Parliament abolishes bishops1647 - June
Solemn Engagement of the Army
- Not to disband until grievances were met1648 - Sept
The independent party (war) had collasped1648 - April
Windsor Prayer Meeting
- New Model Army call Charles Man of Blood
- Debate killing the King1649 - Jan 30th
King Charles is executed
= after being guilty of treasonPerioden
1608-10 Salisbury (Cecil) -
Sold of 1/2 million £ worth of land but 1/2 the crown debts1614-15
Peacham preaches against the monopolies + forced loans
He was arrested + tried for rebellion
Coke attacked kings power to consult judges1614 (8 weeks)
Addled parliament = no legistation passed
(due to impostions arguments)King Charles Personal Rule
11 years of Tryanny1640
Short Parliament is summoned
Lasted 3 weeks1st Bishops War2nd Bishops WarThe Second Civil War - 1648 - Feb-Aug
Uprisings in Kent, Essex, Wales + Yorkshire The Navy supported Charles II
In response to the vote of no address, high taxes+ failure to fix the problems
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