1 Jan 1952 Jahr - Egypt becomes a constitutional republic

Beschreibung:

Southwest of Palestine, Egypt began to assert its presence in the region. Having gained independence from Britain several decades earlier, Egypt remained a monarchy until 1952, when Gamal Abdel Nasser led a military coup that established a constitutional republic. Caught between the Soviet Union and the United States, Nasser sought an independent route: a pan-Arab socialism designed to sever colonial relationships with the West. When negotiations with the United States over Nasser’s plan to build a massive hydroelectric dam on the Nile broke down in 1956, he nationalized the Suez Canal, which was the lifeline for Western Europe’s oil shipments. Britain and France, in alliance with Israel, attacked Egypt and seized the canal. Concerned that the invasion would push Egypt toward the Soviets, Eisenhower successfully pressured France and Britain to pull back. After reclaiming the Suez Canal, Nasser built the massive Aswan Dam on the Nile with Soviet support. Eisenhower had likely avoided a larger war, but the West lost a potential ally in Nasser.

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