9 Okt 1911 Jahr - 1911 Revolution

Beschreibung:

Causes:

Weak government - The new Emperor Puyi was two years old, and Prince Chun (Guangxu's brother) was an inexperienced ruler.

Failure of Political reforms - Cixi's reforms came too little too late. Manchus still dominated the National Consultative Council, and limits on Provincial assemblies increased Han resentment

Consequences of Army Reform - Expensive, so taxes on tea, wine, salt and land increased, on top of taxes for the reparations after the Boxer Uprising. Yuan Shikai dismissed created a powerful enemy to the regime.

Spread of revolutionary ideas - Western ideas (nationalism & republicanism) brought to China by Sun Yat-sen. These ideas were already popular with young Chinese men who travelled to Japan under scholarship programme

Resentment over control of China's railways - Nationalism increased Manchu control. Railway owners did not receive full compensation for giving up ownership. QIng had to borrow money from the Westerners which made them seem like partners with the 'foreign devils'

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